Land, including its water bodies, supplies the basis for human livelihoods and well-being by way of major productivity, the availability of food, freshwater, and a number of other ecosystem services . Neither our particular person or societal identities, nor the world’s economy would exist with out the a quantity of sources, services and livelihood methods provided by land ecosystems and biodiversity. The annual worth of the world’s complete terrestrial ecosystem services has been estimated at 75 trillion USD in 2011, approximately equal to the annual international Gross Domestic Product . Land and its biodiversity also represent essential, intangible benefits to people, such as cognitive and non secular enrichment, sense of belonging and aesthetic and recreational values. Valuing ecosystem companies with financial methods often overlooks these intangible providers that form societies, cultures and quality of life and the intrinsic value of biodiversity. The complex spatial, cultural and temporal dynamics of threat …